Objective: The Cross-Race Effect (CRE) is a reliable and robust phenomenon, whereby individuals better recognize faces that belong to their race compared to another race. Our goal was to produce items for a self-report Inventory (i.e., CRE-I) that brings together known predictors of the CRE to improve the postdiction of cross-race eyewitness accuracy.

Hypotheses: We expected a CRE for White and Asian participants. We anticipated that developed CRE-I subscales would correlate positively with extant (some modified) scales and predict accuracy.

Method: Participants completed four trials (two White targets and two Asian targets). For each trial, they watched a mock crime video, performed a distractor task, made a sequential lineup decision (target-present or target-absent), and indicated confidence in their lineup decision. After all trials, participants completed the potential items for the CRE-I.

Results: We replicated prior findings of a CRE for White participants but did not find a CRE for Asian participants. Exploratory factor analysis produced internally reliable scales for the CRE-I to be used with White eyewitnesses: general face recognition ability, race-specific face recognition ability, racial attitudes, quantity of contact, quality of contact, motivated individuation, and cognitive disregard. Responses to several scales predicted identification accuracy. In particular, three CRE-I scales predicted identification accuracy beyond the predictiveness of confidence: race-specific face recognition ability, racial attitudes towards White people, and motivated individuation of White people.

Conclusions: Variables suggested separately by the perceptual expertise hypothesis and the social cognitive hypothesis predicted identification accuracy, providing support for integrative models of the CRE. The CRE-I contributes to the CRE literature both in terms of theory鈥攂y showing which factors among many may best relate to recognition鈥攁nd practice鈥攂y improving evaluations of eyewitness reliability.