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  Promoting active travel, or walking and cycling, can have numerous health and environmental benefits. It can improve population levels of physical and mental health, result in health gains, and reduced healthcare cost while emitting less air pollution and carbon emissions. Children are vulnerable to the impacts of air pollution because of their developing respiratory systems. Local communities or local authorities have often spearheaded changes which encourage walking and cycling (e.g walking school buses) or structural changes (e.g speed limits or traffic restrictions outside of schools). Some of these changes encourage alternatives to the car and others discourage car use. Restrictions for motor vehicles outside schools could be one way to encourage walking and cycling to school but few scientific studies exist. We aim to fill this gap by providing evidence about how effective these schemes are, how they might work and how these results could be generalizable to other settings. The results will be particularly useful for policy makers and practitioners working in and outwith public health